![]() ![]() Typically, biofilm-associated infections are challenging to eradicate, which is due to mature biofilms tolerance to antibiotics and the immune system response. It is argued that two-thirds of bacterial infections within humans involve biofilms. Honeydew honey samples exhibited comparable or more effective antibacterial activity than both kanuka and manuka honey, which are used as medical-grade honeys. Honeydew honey must meet the conductivity minimum of 0.8 milliSiemens/cm to be labelled as such. When farmers harvest honeydew honey, they determine whether it meets the standards that define the product for labelling purposes by conducting electrical conductivity tests. It will then be capped, and the honey bees will repeat the process all over again. Once they’ve finished the process, the honeydew honey will have a water content roughly below 20%. To reduce the water content, the honey bees will fan their wings above the wax cell, this, in turn, will evaporate some of the water. They will then deposit the honeydew honey into wax cells, but at this point, the water content may be too high. This will reduce the water content converting the honeydew into “honey”. When the honey bees return to the hive, they will pass the honeydew they have collected between themselves further mixing the nectar with the “bee enzyme”. The enzyme itself is known as invertase or the “bee enzyme” which is secreted from the bee’s glands. The moment the honey bee collects the honeydew, it is mixed with an enzyme within the bees mouth. The bees gather honeydew in a process similar to nectar collection. Honeydew is very high in sugar content, so honey bees collect it eagerly.
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